These five aspects restrict the development of China's agricultural aviation plant protection industry

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] After years of development, China's agricultural aviation operations have increased year by year, but compared with developed countries such as the United States and Japan, China still has a large gap. On the one hand, the number of agricultural aircraft in China is small, accounting for only about 0.13% of the total number of agricultural aircraft in the world. The annual agricultural land handled by agricultural aviation is small, accounting for 1.70% of the total cultivated land area. On the other hand, agricultural aviation supporting technologies and policy systems are not Perfection has affected the rapid development of the agricultural aviation industry.

Today, we will come to a specific analysis of the factors that restrict the development of China's agricultural aviation plant protection industry. In my opinion, there are mainly five problems in the following aspects.

1. The agricultural aviation policy and regulation system is imperfect and lacks detailed development strategy planning.

Agricultural aviation operations involve many departments such as civil aviation, agricultural machinery, plant protection, and quality inspection. Currently, there are problems that are not clear about the regulatory authorities. Although China introduced a policy of opening up low-altitude airspace below 1000 m in 2010, which will gradually open up to the civilian sector, it will promote the development of agricultural aviation. However, China's management of agricultural aviation still uses the existing civil aviation standards, and the relevant provisions in the civil aviation regulatory system are not targeted and not closely integrated.

Lack of perfect and standardized technical standards and operating procedures; the procedures for the approval of agricultural aviation flight operations are complicated, which not only raises the cost of agricultural aviation operations, but also delays the timing of good operations and even leads to operational failures. So far, no special promotion has been proposed to promote and promote The national policy of rapid development of the agricultural aviation industry lacks corresponding support policies for the procurement of agricultural aircraft, the use of airports, and fuel subsidies for agricultural aircraft. There is a lack of overall development strategic planning to support agribusiness at the national level, within the industry and between industries.

　　 2. Insufficient research on core scientific technology of agricultural aviation

General aviation C operations mainly include aircraft seeding, aerial fertilization, aerial spraying of plant growth regulators, aerial spraying of herbicides, aircraft control of pests and diseases, and aerial remote sensing. The basic scientific research and core technology research and development of agricultural aircraft manufacturing and supporting spraying technology are lagging behind, the updating ability is insufficient, the production capacity is insufficient, and the scale efficiency cannot be formed, resulting in high price and maintenance cost, and the cost affects sales, resulting in reduced demand. This in turn affects the scale of production, which creates a vicious circle.

The core key technologies that need to be solved at present include:

Insufficient dosage form for agricultural aviation spraying

Most of the existing plant protection operations rely on experience or reference ground spray to determine the dosage and configuration method, often because the amount or configuration is not scientifically affected the quality of the work, and also has a greater negative impact on the environment.

In fact, the requirements for pesticide formulations and auxiliaries used in aviation plant protection are quite different from those for ground machinery. At present, China lacks technical standards related to pesticide preparations for helicopters, single-axis and multi-axis UAVs used in aviation plant protection operations; it lacks the surface tension and viscosity of pesticide liquids used in aerial spraying of drones. Evaluation criteria for the content of pesticide active ingredients, dosage forms, etc.; lack of indoor and outdoor testing standards for the effects of pesticide application and crop physiology under aerospace application conditions.

Lack of perfect technical standards for aviation spraying operations

China used aerial spraying operations late, mostly using manned fixed-wing aircraft for aerial plant protection operations. For the technical parameters of rotorcraft helicopters, especially single-axis and multi-axis micro-miniature agricultural drones, there is a lack of systematic and in-depth research, and a set of scientific and perfect discriminant standards and different crops and different sprays have not yet been formed. The application type is optimized for the operation timing, working environment (temperature, humidity, wind speed), flight altitude, flight speed, route planning and navigation control, and the amount of deposition required to meet the requirements of the spraying operation. Operational indexes such as droplet size, droplet deposition density, and pesticide concentration.

Lack of lightweight air spray equipment key components

Effective mission load and life time are two important indicators for agricultural aviation operations aircraft, which are directly related to the efficiency of aviation operations. Therefore, the requirements for lightweight, low-volume spraying and uniform spraying must be met in aviation spraying equipment. . If the performance of the spraying equipment for agriculture is not good enough, the sprayed droplets are wide and the target is poor, which makes it impossible to demonstrate the advantages of agricultural aviation plant protection technology.

3. The shortage of talents in the agricultural aviation professional team

The shortage of talents in the agricultural aviation professional team is caused by its "congenital deficiency". In the case of manned agricultural aviation helicopters, some of the professionals such as aircraft flight and maintenance are usually from other aviation fields. The cost of using these talents is usually The other part is obtained from the national recruitment and replacement personnel after training. Compared with the air transportation industry, the quality of personnel is relatively low.

Agricultural airlines are limited to economic benefits and industry personnel training mechanisms, etc., the follow-up training of talents is lagging behind. Domestic college flight professional and training institutions, compared to the national agricultural aviation scale, can only be a drop in the bucket. "Congenital deficiency" and "acquired malnutrition", the agricultural aviation professional team talents become the barren area of ​​the aviation industry.

4. The agricultural aviation socialization service system is not perfect

Since the important role of agricultural aviation in agricultural production has not been fully highlighted, China's various forms of social service organizations supporting the agricultural aviation industry, including leasing, intermediary, training, machine repair, and promotion, financing, insurance and other professional companies have not yet Forming a scale, a single enterprise is not able to withstand the cost of the above services, and therefore lacks the strength of large-scale promotion. In addition, China still lacks a sufficient support base for the development of the agricultural aviation industry, which also limits the development of the agricultural aviation industry.

5. Insufficient understanding of agricultural aviation, the infrastructure construction of farmland operations compatible with agricultural aviation is neglected, and there is a lack of public welfare arrangements for agricultural aviation in the system.

For a long time, people often think that agricultural aviation operations are technically strong and expensive, they can't afford airplanes in agricultural production, and they have insufficient understanding of the overall benefits and low cost of agricultural aviation operations. As a result, the market demand for agricultural aviation is lagging behind, and many people are still on the sidelines. .

In addition, the decentralized production model has resulted in small and scattered plots, which are inconsistent with the mode of agricultural aviation scale operations. Moreover, in the process of farmland planning, there is a lack of large-scale intensive management arrangements. Windbreak forests, power telecommunications wiring, etc. do not take into account agricultural aviation operations, and pose a great threat to the safety of agricultural aircraft operations.

The development of agricultural aviation industry is an important part of China's agricultural modernization construction. With the advancement of agricultural aviation core science and technology and application, the relevant policies and regulations, personnel training system, service system and supporting infrastructure construction are constantly improving, China Agricultural Aviation The industry will surely be healthy, orderly and rapid development, which will help to achieve the unified control of agricultural pests and diseases, achieve operations, and greatly accelerate the process of modern agriculture in China.