New trends in flotation process
Application of flotation beneficiation process on gold is very wide, it is particularly suitable for treatment with fine-grained disseminated ore or gold, and many production Jinda Guo increasing emphasis on multi-stage grinding - flotation process. For example, in South Africa, the former Soviet Union, the United States and Canada, 80% of the gold selection plants use two or three stages of grinding-flotation process.
In addition to using conventional flotation device flotation machine, but recently new foreign flotation machine to large, efficient development. Among them, there is a flotation machine made by Wimco with a tank volume of 42.5 m 3 and a motor power of 94 kW. The 70.8m 3 V-type flotation machine manufactured by Doll Olivier has a good slurry circulation effect and can reduce power consumption.
In particular, the SK-15 flash flotation machine produced in Finland is an aerated mechanical agitating flotation machine for high concentration (65%~75%) pulp and coarse particles (10%~30%-0.074). Mm) Rapid flotation of materials. The structure of the flash flotation machine is shown in Figure 1. Its flotation tank has two forces, one is that some coarse particles directly settle into the tailings under their own gravity, and the other is the mechanical force generated by the combination of stirring and aeration of medium and fine-grained minerals. Entering the flotation zone, the minerals of interest are raised from the high concentration zone 1 to the low concentration zone 3 and the foam zone by the mineralized bubbles, and after the secondary enrichment, the concentrate is automatically discharged. The use of flash flotation can reduce the cyclic over-grinding and pulverization loss of the coarse-grained minerals in the loop, avoiding the cyclic accumulation and excessive circulation of the medium and coarse-grained monomer gold in the loop to contaminate the surface of the gold particles. It can also prevent the gold particles from being repeatedly pressed into a sheet to reduce the floatability and reduce the flotation recovery rate. The use of the flash flotation machine can also reduce the grinding fineness of the ball mill from 80% to 30% or less from the conventional flotation of -0.074mm (-200 mesh), and select a part of the coarse particles in advance by flash flotation. The material can improve the grinding efficiency of the ball mill. In 1994, the Jilongshan gold-bearing copper-copper polymetallic mine introduced the SK-15 flash flotation machine from Finland, and was configured according to the flow of Figure 2 for flotation of gold containing 2.4g∕t and copper of about 1.4%. ore. The mineral has a natural gold particle size of 63 μm and a +37 μm particle size of 35%. Through industrial tests, the combined process has a 5.13% higher recovery rate than a single conventional flotation, a 1.55g increase in concentrate grade, a 0.06% increase in copper recovery, and a 1.11% increase in concentrate grade. Calculated according to the mine production capacity of 1200t∕d, the annual economic benefit can be increased by 4.38 million yuan.
Figure 1 Flash flotation machine structure
Slurry concentration: 1-50% to 30%; 2-30% to 10%; 3-10% to 5%
Figure 2 Flash | Conventional Flotation Process
In terms of flotation reagents, in addition to the current effective conventional pharmaceutical system, it has recently been mainly used to increase the effect of gold collection. For example, diethyl black medicine is mixed with sec-butyl black medicine, sec-butyl sodium xanthate and foaming agent 15 # is mixed with 25 #黑è¯, and 2-thiobenzothiazole, or it is combined with sec A mixture of sodium sulphate or pentyl potassium xanthate. Recently, many mines in China have used butylammonium black medicine instead of ethyl xanthate or a mixture of the two. The selection index has been significantly improved, and it contains free cresol, which can replace or partially replace the foaming agent.
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