China's coal chemical industry basically depends on foreign technical support
Due to China's coal-rich energy resources, Chinese companies are eager to develop coal chemical industry. However, at present these companies have introduced or are considering the introduction of foreign core technology, coal chemical equipment has presented a "national card" trend. At present, with the rapid development of China's coal chemical industry, foreign energy giants have been deeply involved in China's coal chemical industry. The South African Sasol Company, which has mastered coal indirect liquefaction and mature commercial technology, cooperates with Shenhua Group, China’s largest coal chemical company, and plans to build two coal indirect liquefaction plants in Ningxia and Shaanxi with an annual production capacity of 3 million tons of oil, equivalent to daily It can replace 80,000 barrels of oil. The Shell Company of China and China Shenhua Ningmei Coal Group signed a similar agreement in July this year and will use shell coal indirect liquefaction technology to study the feasibility of constructing a 70,000-barrel-per-day coal-to-oil plant. The Air Liquide Group of France cooperates with Shenhua Ning Coal and is building the world's first coal chemical project that uses polypropylene as raw material to produce polypropylene, with an investment of about 17 billion yuan. In February this year, Germany's Siemens Power Generation Group and Shenhua Ning Coal also signed an agreement for the production of alcohol ethers from coal. Prior to this, Lurgi, Texaco, General Motors and other coal chemical giants also exported technology to build a number of large-scale coal chemical projects in China.
At present, foreign energy giants have been deeply involved in and even control China's coal chemical industry with its core technologies. Considering that the coal-to-oil, coal-to-olefin and other coal chemical projects have huge investments and the technology is yet to be matured, the Chinese government decided to limit it to demonstration projects before 2010. Some companies are keen to introduce foreign and immature coal chemical technologies, knowing that the project is unlikely to be launched. The people of insight are therefore worried that China's coal chemical equipment presented this kind of "national card" trend, I am afraid that the development of coal chemical industry is endless.
The reporter noted that on September 17, Baotou Baotou Coal Chemical Company and the Dalian Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences held a signing ceremony for a 1.8 million tonne/year DMTO technology transfer contract. This is China's first large-scale localization technology for coal chemical industry, and has a landmark significance for the development of China's coal chemical industry using domestic technology.
Compared with other processing methods such as canning and freezing, the processing method of dried fruit is relatively simple in equipment and operation, and the production cost is relatively low. The production process of dried fruit is: raw material pretreatment, blanching or soaking in alkali, sulfur fumigation, dehydration, wetting, sorting and packaging.
The pretreated fruit is heated with boiling water or steam or other methods for a short time, which is called blanching. The main purpose of blanching is to use heat to drive out the air in the fruit tissue and destroy the oxidase in the fruit to prevent oxidative discoloration. In addition, after the fruit is blanched, mesh-like fine cracks are formed on the surface, which can speed up the evaporation of water, shorten the drying time, and prevent the generation of large cracks during later heating; blanching can also eliminate and wash away the residue on the surface of the fruit. Microorganisms and dirt.
The temperature and time of blanching vary according to the type, variety, maturity, texture, size, etc. of the fruit. Generally, it is treated in boiling water for 5 to 15 minutes. The purpose of fruit soaking in alkali is mainly to remove the wax through the action of alkali, so as to facilitate the evaporation of water and promote drying. In addition, the fruit is immersed in hot lye, which can remove the microorganisms remaining on the surface and has a disinfection effect.
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