Open blasting construction safety regulations

I. General Provisions 1. When open-air blasting is required to set up a shelter cover, the shelter should be placed outside the shock wave hazard and constructed to be strong and compact. The position and direction of the shelter should be able to prevent the damage of flying stones and harmful gases.
2. There should be no obstacles to the roads that cover the shelter.
3. The detonation station should be located in a sheltered shelter or in a safe location outside the security zone.
4. When blasting in the open air, the mechanical equipment should be taken to a safe place or in situ protection measures before detonation.
5. Exposed bags are strictly prohibited in open-pit blasting.
6. When a blind cannon is suspected, the post-explosion excavation operation should be supervised and commanded to prevent the explosion of the excavator from causing an explosion accident.
7. When there is a radio frequency source such as a communication station in thunderstorms, multiple mines and nearby areas, the ordinary detonator detonation network should not be used for open blasting.
8. After the soft rock or sand deposit is blasted, a clear mark should be set in the explosion area. When holes and pits are found, safety inspection should be carried out to confirm that there is no danger before the operation is resumed.
9. In the winter of blasting in cold areas, anti-freeze blasting equipment should be used.
Second, deep hole blasting 1. When the hole is inspected, the gravel and debris in the range of 0.5m around the hole should be cleaned. If the hole wall is unstable, maintenance should be carried out.
2. Deep hole acceptance criteria: hole depth tolerance Â± 0.2m, inter-row tolerance + 0.2m, skewness tolerance 2%; unqualified drills should be processed in a timely manner, and the acceptance criteria should not be charged.
3. The blasting engineering technician shall measure the minimum resistance line of each drill hole in the first row before charging, and consider adjusting the dose or spacing for the site where the reverse slope or large crack is formed. The chassis is resistant to excessively large lines and should be treated to meet the blasting requirements.
4. When there is a blockage in the charging process, the drug should be stopped and dredged in time. If a detonator or a detonating kit has been installed, it should not be forcibly cleared. Care should be taken to protect the detonator or the detonating kit and take other remedial measures.
5. After the end of the charging, inspection and acceptance should be carried out, and the filling operation should not be carried out without inspection and acceptance.
3. Pre-cracking blasting and smooth blasting 1. When pre-splitting blasting or smooth blasting technology is adopted, the inspection hole and charge shall be operated by skilled blasting personnel under the supervision of the on-site blasting engineering technicians.
2. The pre-split hole and the light surface shall be drilled on a hole surface according to the design drawing, and the deviation of the hole deflection shall not exceed 1.5%.
3. Pre-split holes arranged on the same control surface should be detonated simultaneously with the detonating cord network. If the amount of explosives at the same time exceeds the safe allowable dose, it can also be detonated in stages.
4. Pre-split blasting and smooth blasting should be carried out with uncoupled charge. Buffer blasting should be done without mixing or intermittent charging. If the medicine string structure package is used, the medicine roll should be prevented from slipping during the processing and charging process; if the design requires the medicine to be packaged on the drilling axis, special shaped products or positioning measures should be used.
5. Pre-cracking and smooth blasting holes shall be packed as designed.
6. The pre-cracking blasthole should be detonated before the adjacent main blasting hole or buffer blasting hole, and the time difference should be no less than 75ms. The smooth blasting hole should lag behind the adjacent main blasting hole.
4. Complex environment deep hole blasting 1. Complex environment deep hole blasting project should set up a command department to coordinate the design and construction and after-care work; before the design, respond to the personnel around the explosion area, the ground and underground structures (structures) and various equipment, Detailed investigation and research on the distribution of facilities, etc., should be reviewed before blasting.
2. The blasthole depth should generally be limited to 20m and the borehole deviation should be strictly controlled.
3. Millisecond deferred blasting should be used, and the number of segments that may overlap should be strictly controlled; the maximum explosive amount of a single segment should be limited according to environmental requirements, and necessary vibration reduction measures should be taken.
4. The length of the packing should be greater than 1.2 times the average of the resistance line of the chassis and the resistance line at the top of the charge.
5. Shallow hole blasting 1. Open-pit shallow hole excavation should be carried out by step method.
2. The blasting should be carried out before the step is formed to increase the length of the filling and the warning range.
3. The number of blastholes to be filled shall be limited to one blasting.
4. When shallow ground blasting is used to level the site, the blasting direction should be directed to a free surface and avoid pointing to important building (structure).
5. When crushing large blocks, the consumption of unit explosives should be controlled within 150g/m 3 , and burst blasting or short delay millisecond blasting should be used.
6. Chamber blasting 1. Chamber blasting flat design The excavation section is not less than 1.5*1.8m2. When the small well is not less than 1, the slope of the flat slope should be <1%. After the completion of the excavation project, it should be designed, constructed and supervised. The Lanfang joint acceptance, the main acceptance criteria are:
(1) clean and free of debris inside the cave, no residual blasting equipment, blasting slag and metal objects.
(2) There is no pumice stone on the wall of the dome, and the support section is stable.
(3) There is no water in the sputum. When the leakage occurs, the pharmacy responds with a waterproof shed and a drainage ditch.
(4) The volume of the drug room is not less than the design requirement, and the coordinate error of the center is not more than 30cm.
(5) The stray current in copper is not more than 30 mA.
2. Before charging, the blasting design should be adjusted according to the acceptance result of the excavation project and the measured minimum resistance line size, and the construction decomposition map should be made according to the hole. The charge and the filling position of each drug room in each hole should be marked in the figure. , the detonating body detonator section and installation location and number, the location of the filling section and the amount of stuffing, the total amount of detonating equipment, wires, trunking, etc. required in the cave, auxiliary equipment and tools.
3. The blasting blasting body of the chamber shall be processed and stored by a skilled blaster at a special place. The quality shall not exceed 20 å³™. The outer packaging shall be coated with wooden boxes and the inner lining shall be waterproof packaging; the guiding hole number and medicine shall be written on the packing box. Room number, detonator section, resistance value. The detonator and detonating cord in the detonating box shall be fixed in the wooden box. The transportation and installation of the detonating body shall be operated by two skilled blasters and recorded for installation. The detonating body should be stored in a safe place and guarded by a person. It should not be stored in the mouth or ring.
4. When charging, use low voltage power supply below 36V. The lighting should be protected by a protective net. The lighting line should be well insulated. The horizontal distance between the electric light and the explosive charge should not be less than 2m. The electric detonator should be installed before the human medicine room. Should cut off all power, remove all metal conductors, can be changed to safety miner's lamp or insulation in flashlight lighting.
5. After each drugstore charge is completed, acceptance should be performed to record the charge and detonation network connections before allowing the filling operation. The blasting network laid in the raft should be protected when filling.
6. The blasting and blasting work of the diverticulum shall be carried out by the person in charge of the blasting technology on the working face. The excavation of the gravel shall be applied as a stuffing material. The filling shall be neat and rigorous. There shall be no empty roof and the filling length shall not be reduced in any way. When there is water in the raft, leave a drain at the bottom of the raft and keep the drain open. The filling process should check the quality and should be accepted and recorded after the filling is completed.
7. Chamber blasting should use a double blasting network and conduct network testing. The laying of the detonation network shall be carried out by the blasting technicians and the skilled blasting workers. The network shall be connected in the order from the post-explosion to the first explosion, the first to the outside, the interconnection shall be double-operated, one person shall operate, the other shall supervise, measure, record, strictly according to the design. It is required to lay; the electric blast network should be equipped with an intermediate switch.
8. The detonating station should be equipped with good communication equipment. The detonating station manager is responsible for the work inside the station. From the beginning of the network work, the stationmaster should arrange a special person to take care of the detonation station.

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