Mining of sand deposits (glass siliceous raw materials)
1. Mining methods and division of mining scales <br> Sand mines are open-pit mining, and their mining scale is divided into rock mines. Inner Mongolia Zhemeng (silicon) sand company's glass sand mine production reached 650,000 t / a with 11 mining areas, of which Ganqika sand mine output reached 250,000 t / a. The output of Fujian Dongshan Sand Mine is 350,000 t/a, both far exceeding the original large scale. Open-pit mining of sand deposits is divided into:
(1) Hydraulic mining Water guns are rushed, hydraulically transported or transported by sand pump. Hydraulic mining is sometimes used as an aid to mining vessels, such as the Dongshan Sand Mine in Fujian.
(2) Mining ship mining The mining ship is also called a sand mining ship. The Beihai sand mine in Guangxi and the suction-type mining ship in Ganqika sand mine in Inner Mongolia, and the jet pump suction-type mining ship in Dongshan sand mine in Fujian.
(3) mounted generally adopted using open pit mining excavators, scrapers, loader, a scraper, or artificial shovels, picks excavation and mining equipment, railway or road transport. The larger scales include Jiangsu Sihong Sand Mine and Gansu Hewan Sand Mine. The production capacity of Sihong Sand Mine is 240,000 t/a.
2. Pioneering transportation
The development of water mining is to establish the main channel leading to the working level of the stope and establish a water supply and hydraulic transportation system. Glass siliceous raw material sand mines are generally developed using foundation pits. For example, the bottom hole of the northwest sea sand mine in Guangxi is 40m long, 20m wide and 1.8m deep, and the average angle of the slope is 25°. The sand pump on the suction-type mining ship is sent to the washing and selecting plant through the pipeline. The Dongshan sand mine in Fujian is also exploited by foundation pits. The size of the foundation pits should ensure that the ship can float freely during the medium water level and facilitate the extension and widening of the foundation pit.
3. Mining process
The mining process of hydraulic mining and the general mining process are relatively simple.
The mining process of the mining ship refers to the process of recovering the entire sand deposit. It is directly mined by the mining ship and then transported out by the sand pump; some mining requires water guns to assist. In the mining sequence, it is divided into: longitudinal mining method, parallel movement of working face parallel sand mine; horizontal mining method, vertical direction of working face parallel sand mine direction; joint mining method, that is, combination of vertical mining method and horizontal mining method. Due to the lack of thick layers, the Beihai sand mine in Guangxi has an average of 5.3 m. The vertical line of the mining work line is arranged, that is, the so-called horizontal mining method, which advances along the ore body and the thickness of the entire ore layer is collected once. Fujian Dongshan Sand Mine, the whole district is divided into 13 blocks to carry out mining in turn.
(1) Hydraulic mining Water guns are rushed, hydraulically transported or transported by sand pump. Hydraulic mining is sometimes used as an aid to mining vessels, such as the Dongshan Sand Mine in Fujian.
(2) Mining ship mining The mining ship is also called a sand mining ship. The Beihai sand mine in Guangxi and the suction-type mining ship in Ganqika sand mine in Inner Mongolia, and the jet pump suction-type mining ship in Dongshan sand mine in Fujian.
(3) mounted generally adopted using open pit mining excavators, scrapers, loader, a scraper, or artificial shovels, picks excavation and mining equipment, railway or road transport. The larger scales include Jiangsu Sihong Sand Mine and Gansu Hewan Sand Mine. The production capacity of Sihong Sand Mine is 240,000 t/a.
2. Pioneering transportation
The development of water mining is to establish the main channel leading to the working level of the stope and establish a water supply and hydraulic transportation system. Glass siliceous raw material sand mines are generally developed using foundation pits. For example, the bottom hole of the northwest sea sand mine in Guangxi is 40m long, 20m wide and 1.8m deep, and the average angle of the slope is 25°. The sand pump on the suction-type mining ship is sent to the washing and selecting plant through the pipeline. The Dongshan sand mine in Fujian is also exploited by foundation pits. The size of the foundation pits should ensure that the ship can float freely during the medium water level and facilitate the extension and widening of the foundation pit.
3. Mining process
The mining process of hydraulic mining and the general mining process are relatively simple.
The mining process of the mining ship refers to the process of recovering the entire sand deposit. It is directly mined by the mining ship and then transported out by the sand pump; some mining requires water guns to assist. In the mining sequence, it is divided into: longitudinal mining method, parallel movement of working face parallel sand mine; horizontal mining method, vertical direction of working face parallel sand mine direction; joint mining method, that is, combination of vertical mining method and horizontal mining method. Due to the lack of thick layers, the Beihai sand mine in Guangxi has an average of 5.3 m. The vertical line of the mining work line is arranged, that is, the so-called horizontal mining method, which advances along the ore body and the thickness of the entire ore layer is collected once. Fujian Dongshan Sand Mine, the whole district is divided into 13 blocks to carry out mining in turn.
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