Graphene has new applications for layer-spacing electrochemical capacitors
[ Instrument Network Instrument R & D ] What is graphene? It is understood that graphene is a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial with hexagonal honeycomb lattice composed of carbon atoms with sp² hybrid orbitals. It has excellent optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, and has important application prospects in materials science, micro / nano processing, energy, biomedicine, and drug delivery. It is considered to be a revolutionary material in the future.
The semi-integer quantum Hall effect of electron carriers and hole carriers in graphene can be observed through the action of an electric field to change the chemical potential. Scientists have observed this quantum Hall effect of graphene at room temperature. Carriers in graphene follow a special kind of quantum tunneling effect, and no backscattering occurs when they encounter impurities. This is the reason for the strong local electrical conductivity and high carrier mobility of graphene.
Xiaobian understands: Recently, graphene has another new application, which is the electrochemical capacitor energy storage research with adjustable layer spacing and efficient pores. Researchers prepared mixed solutions of graphene oxide and thermally expanded reduced graphene in different proportions and vacuum filtered to obtain composite graphene-based films with adjustable sheet spacing. By adjusting the interlayer distance, the effect of optimizing the porosity of the entire electrode material was achieved.
Electrochemical capacitors have the advantages of fast charging, high power, long cycle life, wide operating temperature range, and high safety performance.They can be used as high-power power sources, and have broad development in the fields of hybrid electric vehicles, backup power supplies, portable electronic equipment, etc. prospect. However, compared to batteries, electrochemical capacitors have lower energy density, that is, lower energy storage per unit volume, which limits their wider application range, especially in portable smart devices, which need to further increase the volume energy density.
The unit of an electrochemical capacitor is composed of a pair of electrodes, a separator, and an electrolyte. Between the two electrodes is a separator in which electrons block ions, and the separator and the electrodes are impregnated with an electrolyte. The main materials used for electrochemical capacitor electrodes are carbon materials, metal oxides, and conductive polymers. Carbon-based materials are currently the most successful industrial electrode materials for supercapacitors, and recent research has focused on increasing the specific surface area of ​​the material and controlling the pore size and pore size distribution of the material.
In addition, when the pore size of the electrode material matches the ionic size of the electrolyte, the space utilization of the pores is optimized, thereby maximizing the volume energy density. Based on this, researchers have designed all-solid flexible electrochemical capacitors. The good bending performance of the graphene film electrode material itself ensures the flexibility of the entire device, and further develops intelligent devices. By changing the circuit connection method according to actual needs To achieve different output effects.
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