Biomass plastics industry urgently needs policy support
As human society entered the 21st century, the oil crisis has intensified, and many countries have developed and implemented corresponding plans to develop bioenergy. Since 1993, China's petroleum energy supply has faced severe challenges. In response to this situation, Professor Jiang Jiming, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Tsinghua University Economic Research Institute, proposed to establish a national-level biomass plastics production base to solve the shortage of petroleum energy supply.
It is understood that China's current oil consumption has ranked second in the world, while oil storage accounts for only 2% of the world's reserves (3 billion to 400 million tons). In 2003, China's dependence on oil imports reached 36%. According to relevant experts' prediction, by 2020, China's dependence on oil imports will exceed 55%. This high dependence will pose a great threat to China's energy security.
China's annual consumption of chemical-based plastics is more than 20 million tons, of which 5 million tons of packaging plastics, and only one-time fast food boxes (bowls) consumption of more than 20 billion. The application of these plastic products, on the one hand, brings great benefits and convenience to industrial and agricultural production and residents' lives. On the other hand, it takes two to three hundred years to completely degrade the discarded plastic products, which brings serious problems to our environment. Pollution.
Therefore, some experts have suggested that the development of physical plastics is not only a strategic measure to save oil, but also an effective measure to cure "white pollution." The state should take the development of material energy and biomass plastics as an important strategy.
According to Commissioner Cai Jiming, biomass plastics are made from bio-starch agricultural products such as corn flour, potato flour and tapioca flour mixed with chemical-based products such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, coupling agents and additives. Biomass plastic synthetic resin produced by multidisciplinary cross-processes such as chemical, bioengineering and mechanical processing. This kind of biomass plastic not only has the full function of chemical plastic resin, but also can be made into hundreds of bio-plastic plastic environmental protection products such as film, foam filling and hard film, and can be quickly degraded by environmental microbial action.
In addition, due to the low cost of starch and abundant resources, the synthetic bio-resin accounts for 30%-70% of the starch content, and the bio-resin produced should be lower than the price of chemical-based plastics. Earlier, due to the lack of mature technology, expensive imported equipment, low production volume, unregulated market, and relatively small investment in enterprises, the price of bio-resin produced was high. At present, the rise in international oil prices has driven the price of chemical-based plastics to rise. If a company produces starch resin with an annual capacity of more than 20,000 tons, its price will be 15% lower than that of ordinary plastics.
At present, the difficulty in developing and producing degradable plastics in China is mainly due to the lack of national policy support. The product categories are not listed in the customs. For these environmentally-friendly products recognized in many countries, the Chinese government has not paid attention to them. The biomass resin produced in China has been exported to foreign countries for many years. It is generally used in the ordinary plastic number and is not in line with international standards. However, biomass resins are essentially different from ordinary plastics. One is a resin based on petroleum by-products, and the other is a resin based on agricultural products. There should be different treatment policies. On the other hand, there are no standards and norms in China's degradable plastics market, and there are more private investment funds and smaller scales.
In 2000, the US Department of Energy and the Ministry of Agriculture jointly reported the proposal of the President of the United States to develop and promote bio-based products and bio-energy, which was signed and implemented by the President. A large number of professors and experts, such as Academician Yan Enze and Academician Shi Yuanchun, have appealed through various channels to introduce plans for the development and implementation of bioenergy in China. Some enterprises have been engaged in the production of bioenergy and biomass plastics. However, due to the lack of government funding for the production of biomass plastics and the lack of substantive support from national policies, the enterprises engaged in this production have gradually disappeared or changed production. At present, there are not many enterprises with certain technical strength and production scale. Only three enterprises such as Guangdong Sanjiu Biodegradable Plastics Co., Ltd. are in production and operation, and their technical level is at a similar starting line with developed countries. If the country does not introduce policies to support the development of the industry, the development of the industry will inevitably be restricted, and the gap between the developed countries and the developed countries will be rapidly widened.
Member Cai Jiming said that the production of physical plastic resin can not only solve the problem of deep processing of agricultural products, but also increase the income of farmers, and also save oil resources and reduce the dependence on imported oil. At the same time, it can effectively solve environmental problems that have not degraded for hundreds of years. The "white pollution" problem can be described as three things. Therefore, he suggested that the state launch a research and development project for biomass plastic resins that can greatly save oil resources, provide farmers' income, reduce white pollution, establish a national-level biomass plastics R&D and production base, and formulate preferential policies in terms of loans, taxes, and exports. We will vigorously support the development of biomass plastics production enterprises with certain technical foundations and production scales, reduce costs by scale effect, meet market demand, and promote the development of biomass energy industry.
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